Oncology

Small cell lung cancer

Marina Virko
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Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a dangerous disease characterized by rapid growth of the primary tumor and early metastasis.

It occurs in 10-15% of lung cancers.

Causes and risk factors

It is difficult for specialists to name the exact causes of small cell lung cancer. However, a connection can be traced to the following risk factors:

  • smoking, including passive smoking,
  • hereditary predisposition,
  • over 50 years of age,
  • occupational hazards.

Among all of the above, smoking is the No. 1 cause of small cell lung cancer. Here are just a few facts:

According to foreign researchers, a decrease in small cell lung cancer cases from 25-30% to 15% occurred after the number of smokers decreased.

In women, the disease is currently registered more often than before, which is associated with an increase in the number of female smokers.

Notably, there may be a latent period of 20-25 years from the start of smoking to the onset of lung cancer.

Classification

Size-baased. Small-cell lung carcinomas are divided into:

  • small-cell,
  • combined small cell.

Stage-based. Prior to the current improvement in lung diseases diagnosis, most cases of small cell cancer were detected late. Therefore, oncologists used a classification that distinguished between localized and advanced stages of the disease.

Nowadays, the international TNM system is used for small cell lung cancer.

  • Stage 1. An up to 3 cm mass localized within a lobular bronchus or its segment, without regional or distant metastases. Unfortunately, at this point the lesion is often overlooked, so patients seek help much later.
  • Stage 2. A tumor in the lung infiltrates the pleura or large bronchi. Atelectasis may occur (areas of recession, shrinkage of lung tissue, where there is no ventilation, so the lung in this area "does not breathe"). Nearby lymph nodes are affected.
  • Stage 3. At this stage of disease development, the neoplasm spreads to the pleura, pericardium, diaphragm, and chest wall. Atelectasis of the whole organ occurs, and metastases develop in the mediastinum and other lymph nodes.
  • Stage 4. Small cell lung cancer is characterized by involvement of vertebral bodies, mediastinal organs, main vessels. There are distant metastases.
If small cell lung cancer is detected late, life expectancy without therapy is in most cases only a few months.

Disease course

At the beginning, small cell lung cancer is asymptomatic. Then signs appear that may resemble other conditions, but not a lung lesion. Therefore, patients may refer to doctors specializing in other fields.

Early symptoms of a small-cell lung cancer lesion may include:

  • intermittent fever up to 37-38Β°C;
  • general weakness and increased fatigue, which is observed as early as before noon;
  • headache;
  • dizziness;
  • dry cough;
  • skin itching, manifestations of dermatitis.

Since this type of cancer occurs more often in smokers, the condition is misinterpreted as chronic bronchitis.

As more and more extensive areas of the lungs get affected, more symptoms develop, including:

  • shortness of breath;
  • spitting of blood;
  • dry or moist cough attacks without apparent reason;
  • chest pain,
  • weight loss;
  • poor appetite.

Distant metastases cause function failure in other organs. For example, malignant growth in the brain may result in epilepsy; if the laryngeal nerve is affected, the voice may become hoarse.

Persisting symptoms that increase over time require a comprehensive lung cancer screening.

A second opinion from an experienced oncologist from Germany or another country with advanced healthcare will make it possible to choose the most informative diagnostic tests and procedures. In the case of small cell cancer, this will reduce the time it takes to go through the examination and give you the opportunity to get the most reliable result.

Small cell lung cancer diagnosis

Before the first symptoms appear. Smokers should have regular chest scans. The frequency of such preventive examinations depends on the number of cigarettes smoked per day, as well as the age, so it is to be determined by the attending physician.  Currently, the most informative type of examination is a low-dose spiral computed tomography, which enables detecting changes inherent to small cell cancer.

When cancer is suspected. The diagnosis is carried out in 3 steps:

  • Lung mass imaging - computed tomography.
  • Confirmation of morphological diagnosis - biopsy + histological study or puncture of pleural fluid accumulated in the lower chest + cytology.
  • Detection of small cell carcinoma distant metastases - abdominal MSCT, PET-CT, brain MRI, bone scan.

Additional laboratory and radiology tests. In small-cell cancer, they provide information about the patient's overall health.

Treatment

In the case of small cell lung cancer, chemotherapy is considered to be the best treatment option. It is supplemented by radiotherapy and, in the initial stages, surgery.

Radical surgery for small cell cancer. It is performed rarely and almost always at early stages. It is often a lobectomy. If the lung is removed completely, postoperative and long-term survival rates are worse. The most encouraging results are achieved by a combination with cytostatic drugs administered before and after surgery.

Radiotherapy is used alongside chemotherapy to increase the effectiveness of treatment. External beam radiation is used. Conventionally, there are 2 types of radiation therapy applied for treatment:

  • early – commencing in the first week following the beginning of chemotherapy,
  • late - after the third chemo week.

In the former case more encouraging results are observed.

Chemotherapy is administered both for relapsed small cell lung cancer, and as initial therapy. It allows to achieve a stable remission and prolong the life of cancer patients by several months or years, depending on the tumor size and cancer stage.

Currently, the following chemo regimens in combination with radiation therapy are used:

  • EP - etoposide + cisplatin.
  • IP - irinotecan + cisplatin.
  • EC (in elderly and weakened patients) - etoposide + carboplatin.

The above options are more effective in carcinoma treatment as compared to formerly administered drugs.

Prophylactic cranial irradiation is an important component of any lung malignancy therapy plan, which ensures a 2-time increase in the patient survival rate. Therefore, it is performed no matter whether metastases in the brain are present or not.

Ongoing research. Currently, attempts are being made to find effective treatments among targeted (using monoclonal antibodies) drugs, as well as to "train" our own immune cells to fight against the malignant ones. Therefore, it is possible that in the near future there will be tools that will make the fight against this disease even more successful.

Prognosis and follow-up

Thanks to modern diagnostic tools and timely initiated consistent therapy, the SCLC diagnosis is no longer devastating. The reliable methods of small cell carcinoma treatment can bring very good results.

  • With consistent therapy at an early stage, 5-year survival is now observed in 40% of patients (previously, almost all cases ended lethally within a very short period of the disease). Moreover, if a complete cancer regression has been achieved, some patients live much longer than 5 years.
  • In the case of a local cancer, when the tumor affects only one lung, consistent therapy extends life by 1.5-2 years. By comparison, life expectancy in the case of untreated advanced carcinoma, or when a tumor in the lung becomes immune to ongoing therapy for some reason, is rarely more than 3-4 months.

Follow-up management. After the maximum possible result is achieved, which may include a complete or partial tumor regression in the lung, or tumor stabilization), patients should visit an oncologist once per quarter during the first 2 years, and once per half-year in the following 3-5 years. Exams that are aimed at detecting cancer recurrence include:

  • chest X-ray/CT,
  • abdominal ultrasound,
  • MRI/CT of the adrenal glands.
An expert second opinion will help select the most effective therapy regimen and an overall management plan for lung carcinoma, as well as provide insight into the state-of-the-art methods and approaches.

References:

Schmid, K; Kuwert, T; Drexler, H/ Radon in Indoor Spaces An Underestimated Risk Factor for Lung Cancer in Environmental Medicine// Dtsch Arztebl Int 2010; 107(11): 181-6. 

Jan P van Meerbeeck 1, Dean A Fennell, Dirk K M De Ruysscher/ Small-cell lung cancer// Lancet. 2011 Nov 12;378(9804):1741-55. PMID: 21565397

Sen Yang, Zhe Zhang , Qiming Wang / Emerging therapies for small cell lung cancer// J Hematol Oncol. 2019 May 2;12(1):47. PMID: 31046803 

S3-Leitlinie PrΓ€vention, Diagnostik, Therapie und Nachsorge des Lungenkarzinoms// Langversion 1.0 – Februar 2018 AWMF-Registernummer: 020/007OL Ρ€. 66-67.

Π§ΡƒΠ±Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΎ Π’.А., Π‘Ρ‹Ρ‡ΠΊΠΎΠ² М.Π‘., Π”Π΅Π½ΡŒΠ³ΠΈΠ½Π° Н.Π’./ практичСскиС Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ€cΡ‚Π²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ//Β© РоссийскоС общСство клиничСской ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ (RUSSCO) 2019 Π³.

К.И. Колбанов, А.Π₯. Π’Ρ€Π°Ρ…Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π±Π΅Ρ€Π³, О.Π’. Пикин/ВозмоТности Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°Π±Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ//Онкология. Π–ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Π» ΠΈΠΌ. П.А. Π“Π΅Ρ€Ρ†Π΅Π½Π°, 3, 2017, с. 67-75.

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Анастасия Π’Π΅Ρ€Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Ρ†Π΅Π²Π°

Π― ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ всСго ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π°Π»Π° ΠΎ своСй Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ – Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ Π»Ρ‘Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Π½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ Ρƒ вас Π½Π° сайтС ΡƒΠ·Π½Π°Π»Π°, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ Π½ΡƒΠΆΠ½ΠΎ! профилактичСски ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π³, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ появлСниС мСтастазов. К соТалСнию, ΠΌΠ½Π΅ воврСмя Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π΅ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΠΈ Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒ Π±ΠΎΡ€ΡŽΡΡŒ с послСдствиями…

Denis Tregubov

ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΡˆΡƒ вас ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ большС ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΅ΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² Π“Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ° Π»Ρ‘Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. НСмцы, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ я понимаю, Π΄Π°Π»Π΅ΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ½ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡΡŒ Π² этом ΠΈ добились Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΡˆΠ΅, Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌ послС Ρ…ΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.

Anna72

Могли Π±Ρ‹ Π²Ρ‹ Ρ€Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π»ΠΈ Π² Π“Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ΄ΡƒΠ»ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ΅ Π»Ρ‘Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ?

Marina Virko

ЗдравствуйтС. ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ зависит ΠΎΡ‚ мноТСства ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΊΠ»Π΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠΊ 1(PD-L1)-ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ‚Π΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. ΠšΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ… ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ, опрСдСляСтся Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π΅ молСкулярного исслСдования Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ. Pembrolizumab назначаСтся Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ PD-L1-ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… опухолях. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡƒΠ½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ находятся ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π² стадии клиничСских испытаний. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°ΠΌ с EGFR-мутациями Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ: Erlotinib, Gefitinib ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Afatinib. ΠŸΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ EGFR T790M-ΠΌΡƒΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡƒΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ назначаСтся Osimertinib. ΠŸΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, Ρƒ ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ‚Π²Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ слияниС ALK-Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡˆΠΈΡ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π°ΠΏΠΈΡŽ с Crizotinib, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚Π° тСрапия Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ с Ceritinib ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Alectinib. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹ ALK ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° находятся Π² стадии Π½Π°ΡƒΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… исслСдований.

Dmitriy

Π― Π½Π΅Π΄Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ бросил ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½ΠΎ Π·Π° ΠΏΠ»Π΅Ρ‡Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρƒ мСня большС 40 Π»Π΅Ρ‚ стаТа ΠΊΡƒΡ€ΠΈΠ»ΡŒΡ‰ΠΈΠΊΠ°. Π”Π° Π΅Ρ‰Π΅ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π» Π½Π° Π²Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ химичСском производствС. Π Π°Π· Π² Π³ΠΎΠ΄ всСгда Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π» Ρ„Π»ΡŽΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ. Достаточно Π»ΠΈ этого для Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎΠ±Ρ‹ Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°ΠΊ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ? Говорят, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡ΡƒΠ²ΡΡ‚Π²ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ-Ρ‚ΠΎ Π½Π΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠΊΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡ‡Ρ‚ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΈΠ·Π»Π΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ‹ΠΉ.

Marina Virko

ЗдравствуйтС. Π Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½ ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Π°Ρ томография Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°Π½Ρ‹ Π² Π“Π΅Ρ€ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² качСствС ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ€Π°ΠΊΠ°. Π‘ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Ρ‚ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΡŽ относят ΠΊ ΠΈΠ·Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π½Π½Π΅ΠΉ диагностики, Ρ‚.ΠΊ. Π² Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… случаях ΠΎΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π΄Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Ρ‡ΡŒ Π·Π° собой Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ тСрапСвтичСскиС мСроприятия. Π£ ΠΏΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π° это Π²Ρ‹Π·Ρ‹Π²Π°Π΅Ρ‚ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ³Ρƒ, психичСский дискомфорт. НСльзя Π½Π΅ ΡƒΠΏΠΎΠΌΡΠ½ΡƒΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Π²Ρ‹ΡΠΎΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π»ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π²ΡƒΡŽ Π½Π°Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ·ΠΊΡƒ ΠΎΡ‚ провСдСния Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π³Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡŒΡŽΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°Ρ„ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΡ… Π΄ΠΎΠ·. Π‘Π΅Π·ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ с этой Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‡ΠΊΠΈ зрСния являСтся МРВ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ…, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΡŽ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ‚ΡŒ с рСгулярными ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Π²Π°Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ. Π‘Ρ‚Π΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡŒ выявлСния доброкачСствСнных ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ злокачСствСнных ΠΎΠΏΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΉ Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π½Π½ΠΈΡ… стадиях ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСзонанса достаточно высокая. ΠœΠ°Π³Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π½ΠΎ-рСзонансная томография эффСктивна Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ элСмСнт ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ°ΠΊΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΠ»Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰ΠΈΡ… рисков Π·Π΄ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΡŒΡ. Помимо МРВ всСго Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ Π² сСбя МРВ Π³Ρ€ΡƒΠ΄ΠΈ Ρƒ ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‰ΠΈΠ½, МРВ простаты Ρƒ ΠΌΡƒΠΆΡ‡ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡƒΡŽ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π½ΡƒΡŽ, ΠΊΠ°Ρ€Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ диагностику, исслСдованиС Ρ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΈΡ…. На основС сопоставлСния всСх Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚ Π±Ρ‹Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π½ΠΎ онкологичСскоС Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅, Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠΈ подозрСния Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ диагностики, Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС КВ.

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